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❓ Q&A Guide
Factual Questions
Q1: What is the primary issue faced by users after the company duplicated its web application architecture and placed it behind an application load balancer? A: Users reported that each time they refreshed the website, they could see only a subset of their documents, but never all the documents at the same time.
Q2: What solution is suggested to ensure that users see all their documents simultaneously in the duplicated web application architecture? A: The solution involves copying the data from both EBS volumes to Amazon EFS and modifying the application to save new documents to Amazon EFS.
Q3: What service is used to provide private network connectivity to Amazon S3 for an application running in a VPC without internet connectivity? A: A gateway VPC endpoint is used to provide private network connectivity to Amazon S3.
Conceptual Questions
Q4: How does Amazon EFS help in solving the issue of users not seeing all their documents at once in a duplicated architecture? A: Amazon EFS is a fully managed file storage service that can be mounted on multiple EC2 instances, allowing all instances to access and store data in a single, shared file system, ensuring users see all documents.
Q5: Why is enabling SSL/TLS using AWS Certificate Manager recommended for protecting data in transit for a static website hosted on Amazon S3? A: AWS Certificate Manager handles the complexity of SSL/TLS certificate management, including renewal, to protect data in transit and comply with regulatory requirements without manual handling of secret rotation.
Analytical Questions
Q6: Why is option A (copy the data so both EBS volumes contain all the documents) not the best solution for ensuring users see all their documents at the same time in the duplicated architecture? A: Copying data to both EBS volumes can lead to synchronization issues and increased complexity in managing data consistency, whereas using Amazon EFS provides a single shared storage solution that simplifies data access and management.
Q7: In the context of private network connectivity, why is creating a VPC endpoint considered more efficient than streaming logs to Amazon CloudWatch and exporting them to S3? A: Creating a VPC endpoint allows direct, private connectivity to Amazon S3, eliminating the need for internet access and avoiding the complexity of streaming and exporting logs through multiple services.
Q8: How does using Amazon Athena to query log files stored in S3 optimize operational overhead compared to using Amazon Redshift or an EMR cluster? A: Amazon Athena allows direct querying of data in S3 using standard SQL without needing to provision and manage additional infrastructure like Redshift clusters or EMR nodes, reducing operational complexity and cost.
Q9: Why might a company prefer using AWS Snowball Edge for migrating large video files to Amazon S3 over setting up AWS Direct Connect? A: AWS Snowball Edge provides a physical device for secure, high-capacity data transfer, which is ideal for large datasets and avoids the need for continuous high-bandwidth internet connections required by AWS Direct Connect.
Q10: What are the benefits of using AWS Secrets Manager for managing database credentials in an EC2 instance-based application? A: AWS Secrets Manager securely stores and automatically rotates credentials, reducing the risk of credential leaks and minimizing operational overhead associated with manual credential management.
Q11: How does Amazon CloudFront improve performance and reduce latency for a static website hosted on Amazon S3? A: Amazon CloudFront caches content at edge locations closer to users, reducing latency by serving content from nearby servers rather than from the central S3 bucket, improving access speed.
Q12: In terms of cost and operational overhead, why is using Amazon S3 lifecycle policies to transition data to Glacier after a certain period beneficial for long-term data storage needs? A: S3 lifecycle policies automate data transitions to lower-cost storage classes like Glacier, reducing storage costs over time and eliminating the need for manual data management.